Bron
Hieroglyphs: unlocking ancient Egypt, large print exhibition text
Volledige tentoonstellingstekst van het British Museum: vroegste schrift in Egypte, hiërogliefen, hiëratisch en demotisch, de Steen van Rosetta (vondst, tekst, drie schriften), Thomas Young en Champollion, de term 'farao'.
- Titel
- Hieroglyphs: unlocking ancient Egypt, large print exhibition text
- Organisatie
- The British Museum
- Jaar
- 2022
- Taal
- en
- Pagina’s / fragmenten
- gedrukte paginanummers van de gids: p. 7 (A forgotten language), p. 9-10 (Sacred carvings, Ancient handwriting), p. 42-43 (The Rosetta Stone), p. 68-69 (Champollion, 14 september 1822), p. 74 (A mixed system), p. 95-96 (The rise of pharaoh), p. 105-106 (The invention of writing)
- Doelgroep
- leerkracht
- Adres
- https://www.britishmuseum.org/sites/default/files/2022-10/Hieroglyphs_unlocking_ancient_Egypt_large_print_guide_The_British_Museum_2.pdf
- Beschikbaarheid
- gratis (laatst gecontroleerd 3 november 2026). PDF zonder account. De museumpagina's zelf geven 403 voor bots; de PDF is wel bereikbaar.
- Bestaan gecontroleerd
- 3 november 2026, Claude (scout, Sonnet): PDF gedownload en volledig uitgelezen. 'A formidable superpower since its unification around 3100 BC' (p. 7). Hiërogliefen 'commonly used in temples, tombs and other monuments' en 'depict objects from the real world such as animals or plants. But their picture-like nature hid the fact that they represent a complex spoken language' (p. 9). Hiëratisch: 'Writing with a brush or a reed pen and ink ... led to the development of a less pictorial, more abbreviated script called hieratic. Over time, the script became increasingly cursive, developing into demotic' (p. 10). Rosetta: 'In July 1799 ... the French rebuilt an old fort at the port city of Rashid. From the rubble ... soldiers discovered a broken stone upon which were carved three distinct scripts: hieroglyphic, demotic and Greek'; decreet 'drawn up on 27 March 196 BC by a council of Egyptian priests in Memphis during the reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes'; 'This type of decree was not an Egyptian tradition but was adopted from Greek culture' (p. 42-43); stone aan Britten via capitulatie 1801, in Portsmouth februari 1802. Young en Champollion: 'two scholars, Thomas Young (1773-1829) and Jean-Francois Champollion (1790-1832)'. 'On 14 September 1822, 32-year-old Champollion excitedly visited his brother ... The notes formed the basis of a historic letter to his colleague Bon-Joseph Dacier ... This is considered the moment of decipherment' (p. 68). 'Champollion had unravelled the nature of Egyptian writing: purely phonetic (sound) signs were used alongside signs representing words'; in zijn Precis van 1824 erkent hij Young's juiste lezing van enkele klanktekens in 'Ptolemy' en 'Berenice' (p. 74). Egypte: 'During the New Kingdom (1550-1069 BC), Egypt's ruler began to be identified by his residential palace, the Great House, or (pronounced per-aa), which evolved into the recognisable pharaoh' (p. 95-96). 'Writing in Egypt was invented around 3250 BC to organise the distribution and storage of goods as society became more complex'; oudste Egyptische tekst in het BM (aardewerk, ca. 3100 v.o.t., Abydos) (p. 105-106).
Gebruikt in
- Het oude Egyptegeraadpleegd: p. 5–13 (hiërogliefen, hiëratisch, demotisch), 39–44 (de Steen van Rosetta), 68–74 (Young en Champollion), 95–96 (het woord farao), 105–106 (ontstaan van het schrift).
- Stadstaatgeraadpleegd: p. 7: Egypte wordt rond 3100 v.o.t. één rijk.